The so-called "Southern Central" is not a formal administrative division, but just a geographical noun, which roughly covers the entire Yunnan province, Guizhou Province, and various parts of Guangxi, Myanmar and Laos in later generations. The climate here is humid and hot, the jungle is dense, the transportation is inconvenient, the household registration is sparse, and there are also mixed places in the Han and Yi, which is almost not much different from the Huan outside.
The incorporation of the southern central territory into China was basically the case during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. The Eastern Han Dynasty placed it under the jurisdiction of Yizhou. The twelve counties of Yizhou (including vassal states), Yueli County, Yueli County, Jianwei County, Yizhou County, and Yongchang County all belong to the broad "Southern Central" category. Their territory accounts for almost half of Yizhou, but their household registration is less than one-fifth.
The so-called "vassal state" is somewhat similar to the "ethnic autonomous region" in later generations. The three vassal states of Yizhou, among which the vassal states of Shu County are resettled with Qiang people, and the other two are resettled with various vassal states, collectively known as "southwest vassal states".
There are many types of "Southwest Barbarians" in the southern central region, and the number of people is more than half of them in terms of proportion. However, most of the Han tyrants who really hold great power in the local area are Han tyrants, that is, they moved in after Emperor Wu entered the southwest. Relying on his culture, sensuality, and convenient communication with local officials, the power soon expanded. For example, Yong Kai, a tyrant in Yizhou County, called himself the descendant of Yongchi, the Marquis of Shifang in the early Han Dynasty.
Liu Bei once used Qin Mi's plan to send Guan Yu, and Xu Shu led his troops to capture Nanzhong, but everywhere was unstoppable. Guan Yunchang was always a man who was soft and not hard. Yong Kai and other wealthy chiefs dared not fight against him. They all expressed their submission and paid a lot of food and fodder. The so-called "no laughing people" made the Shu army let them continue to rule the area, and at most some officials were parachuted to guard the county and county governments. Therefore, the battle in Nanzhong was almost like a patrol. There were less than a dozen wealthy chiefs who refused to obey, killing thousands of Hanyi soldiers and civilians, and the political structure of Nanzhong was basically unchanged.
In fact, I can't blame Guan Yu. In the original history, Zhuge Liang did this roughly when he was exiled to the Southern Expedition. However, there were not a few strong chiefs who rebelled at that time, so they killed more people and the situation was more stable afterwards. In order to collect materials from the Nanzhong region on a large scale to support his Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang cut down all the Han tyrants, such as Yong Kai, Zhu Bao, and others who dared to rebel, but they were mainly restrained by the barbarians Meng Huo. Although the words "The Southerners will not rebel again", they were just empty words. Even when Zhuge Liang was alive, the riots in the Hanyi in the South China never stopped, and after his death, they were even more aggressive.
However, there is an essential difference between the riots of the barbarians and the rebellion of the Han people. Most of the barbarians have no long-term vision and only want to be able to control their hometowns independently and not be bullied by Han officials. Even if they fight outside, they basically don’t go far. Han tycoons are different, with culture and knowledge. They often collude with the outside world, and if they don’t cause trouble, they will stop. Once troubles are caused, they will inevitably lead to major turmoil in one county or even several counties.
In history, Yong Kai had caused quite a lot of trouble, killing Zheng Ang, the prefect of Yizhou County, and tied up the successor Zhang Yi and escorted him to the Eastern Wu. Later, he joined forces with Zhu Bao, Gao Ding, Meng Huo and others. Basically, except for the Yongchang County where Wang Kang and Lu Kai defended, most of the Southern Central Central rebelled against Shu Han. In this case, Zhuge Liang would not be able to fight in the south.
Of course, Shi Xun remembered this incident, and he still remembered that it was Shi Xie, the governor of Jiaozhi County, who lured Yongkai into chaos. The reason for the chaos was that Liu Bei led his army to the east to fight, but he was defeated in Yiling and died in Baidi City. When Yongkai saw that the old man was dead, he had no future with the Liu family. Since his territory was close to Jingzhou, which belonged to Eastern Wu, and the Shu army was defeated by the Wu army... Then I might as well follow the words of the Shifujun and surrender to Wu!
So Sun Quan appointed Yong Kai as the prefect of Yongchang from afar.
Now Xun copied the script. It is recommended that the governor of Jiaozhou Bu Zhi contact Yong Kai through Shi Xie, and he would like to show his title and make a fortune, so that he would be forced to rebel against Shu Han. Now that the world is divided into two, Wei is already two, and Western Shu is not enough. Even if Yizhou County is far away, Yong Kai still understands this situation. Moreover, since Cao Wei has to be connected, broad and follow the river, it is easy to fight to the south. So with the use of profit and force it to force it, you will not be afraid that Yong Kai will not obey his orders.
Shixun patted his chest in the court and promised: "Yong Kai is always ambitious, does not accept Liu's family, and has an old relationship with Shi Xie, so he can be moved." I have the history books I have mastered in my previous life, and it is like looking at the text. Even if history has been changed, I don't believe that a powerful man in the small hill has never been involved in the overall situation of the world, and it will suddenly become flawed. It is no longer the original character of Yong Kai.
Sure enough, Yong Kai not only expressed his willingness to return to Cao Wei, but also secretly colluded with Zhu Bao, the prefect of the Han Dynasty, the rich and powerful Han Dynasty of the same county, Liu Zhou, the rich and powerful Han Dynasty of the Yueli Kingdom, Gao Ding, Lang Cen and others, and submitted a memorial to ask for a letter to be granted the title. As long as the Wei army took action in the north, we immediately raised an army in the south, attacked and destroyed Shu Han.
Of course, the so-called "north and south echo, two groups of attacks" is all the same. No one really has expectations for this. You can really make trouble in the south, restrain some of the energy and troops of Shu Han, and consume some of Liu Bei's supplies. That is enough.
Bu Zhi suggested that Yong Kai could be appointed as the governor of Yongchang County, Cuan Xi was appointed as the governor of Yizhou County, Liu Zhou was appointed as the governor of Yuezhi County, and divided the southern central area into Yizhou, and Zhu Bao was appointed as the governor of Yizhou. As for Yizheng chiefs such as Gao Ding and Lang Cen, they were also granted the post of a county to be subordinate.
The court decided that it was impossible to divide the Southern Central into Yizhou, but the state governor had to be airborne by the central government and could not be placed in the hands of local tyrants. Zhu Bao would still continue to be his county magistrate, but he could add a marquis to be praised. The chiefs could also embrace a son and nephew who entered the court to be the son and the son. To put it bluntly, they wanted them to submit hostages.
However, the conditions for the chiefs in the southern center were not just these. The most important one was to hope to obtain a vocational position, that is, to inherit official positions and land. Originally, there was no such thing as a vocational position in the Qin and Han dynasties, but at the end of the Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and the governors and county magistrates often passed on their ranks. This was a common practice. For example, when Liu Yan died, the Shu members "publicly recommended" his son Liu Zhang to succeed as the governor of Yizhou; Yuan Shao died, Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang fought to be the governor of Jizhou; Sun Ce was the prefect of Kuaiji, and after his death, he passed his position to his brother Sun Quan...
Therefore, the chiefs in the southern center also wanted to follow this precedent. I first asked for an official, and after my death, I could pass it on to my descendants.
The ministers all thought this was a trivial matter. Anyway, the place was remote and barbaric, and the scholars of the Central Plains were not willing to go to be officials. If they wanted to pass on their descendants, they would agree for the time being. They should first settle their minds and use them as their help. As for whether their descendants are unfilial or loyal, that is a matter in the future, and it will not be too late to talk about it at that time.
However, the only one is the honor station. He expressed his opposition firmly: "If you give a post in the world, what is the difference between cedes land and entrust the king? His descendants passed on their inheritance and dominated the counties and counties, and their foundation was growing. I am afraid that they will not be officials of the court in the future. If they become vassals, they may be in chaos, and they must be worried about it."
Wang Lang, the Minister of Rites, defended: "The Grand Marshal is very worried. Today he is detained, but he wants to attack Liu Bei, which is not a long-term plan." We can give them a position in the world, but the position in the world is not inevitable. When we conquer Yizhou and the world is determined, what excuses can we find to erase them at that time?
Shixun shook his head and said, "Jingxing only saw one, but not the other. The princes can attack him. He rewarded his descendants with merits and rewards; officials should not attack him, so he should govern the local area in the court. Although it is really worthy of his reputation, but if he is really worthy of his name or his traces are made for a long time, and if he sets this precedent, the barbarians from all directions will follow him, which will actually cause disaster to future generations!"
The key is that this precedent cannot be opened. The officials of prefectures and counties at the end of the Han Dynasty were hereditary, but in fact, but without name. On the surface, they followed the convention of selecting officials, and the next chief was elected by the previous chief or his subordinates. Then they reported to the court, just like the later amending the constitution before Yuan Shikai became emperor, and the next president was nominated by the previous president. Although it was for father and son to succeed, they were definitely unwilling to say it explicitly.
Since I am unwilling to say it clearly, it means that it is not a system. It is just a common practice. The authority of the court can be used to break it at any time. However, once the position is given and the inheritance of the people is allowed, it means that it is a system. In the future, it will be effective in imitating it. Why can they pass on the father and son? I have to move on one term? Once the evil example is opened, I can't stop the car afterwards.
The Tang Dynasty began to implement the system of banning states, allowing ethnic minorities to be autonomous in remote areas. Their chiefs were also hereditary from tribal leaders, and developed into the chieftain system in the Yuan Dynasty, which led to the tendency of division in the southwest region, which was included in the territory of China in the Han Dynasty. So why did the Tang Dynasty do that? Because of the long-term struggle of the Central Plains, the southwest region was originally semi-independent. Later, Tubo rose. In order to make the southwest tribes return to the Tang Dynasty but did not follow the Bo, he was forced to do so. As a result, a Nanzhao was released, and later Dali was released. In addition to being independent of the Central Plains regime for hundreds of years, he had no choice but to continue to use the chieftain system.
The chieftain system was set up by the Central Plains dynasty, which caused strong rebellion to the unification of the dynasty, and thus large-scale rebellion emerged one after another. Now, there is no strong country in the southwest that can threaten the rule of the Central Plains dynasty. Of course, after the defeat of Liu Bei, it would inevitably cause harm to the descendants! Maybe more than a thousand years, the Yunnan-Guizhou region will be completely independent of the Chinese regime, just like Vietnam in later generations.
China began to be unified and implemented centralized power since the Qin Dynasty. But to be honest, even with the supreme authority of the First Emperor and the creativity of genius, it is impossible to completely overturn the feudal vassal system that has been passed down for nearly a thousand years. Take the Han Dynasty as an example, the chiefs of each county were almost like princes in terms of their power in office, and the vertical management system of the central government was very extensive. However, although the social structure has taken two steps and one step back, it has generally advanced towards a complete centralized power. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it finally reached its peak.
Therefore, Shixun believes that the unified centralization is the historical development trend of China. If the feudal system continues like Western Europe, there will be no strong Han or prosperous Tang, and this trend must be protected. Local autonomy is a measure of backward communications and transportation, and it does not mean that it must be done. Reality must be recognized, but it cannot be a system. Once institutionalized, the path to development will be closed.
To put it bluntly, I can abide by your autonomy, but I cannot explicitly allow you to autonomy.
Therefore, he stood up and rejected the request of the wealthy chief in the southwest, saying: "If you want to be rich and powerful for generations, you can be granted a title. As for the official position, you will never be able to attack!" Officials from all over the country can certainly be re-elected, but county magistrates in remote areas often have multiple positions without changing, and even die. After death, the court may continue to appoint their sons and nephews for succession for stability reasons. However, this is a move of power, not a clear system, and it is even more impossible to make a promise to them in advance.
Many of the ministers thought it was a Taiwei who was a little troublesome, so they stood up to argue one by one. None of them gave it to Xun's eloquence and they were defeated one after another. Cao Cao thought that the matter was not big, so why would he make arguing? Since Xun was so persistent, it was okay to sell him face. Besides, it was a matter of system issues. Xun was indeed more experienced and had ideas, and his words might be listenable.
Therefore, I asked Shixun: "But are they all named marquis?" That marquis is too worthless, right?
Chapter completed!